I did all my own car repairs for the last 10 years or so, although I'm no longer doing it. What tools and supplies you need varies greatly by what kinds of jobs you're planning to do and also what make/model vehicles you're going to work on. Some jobs on some vehicles require specialty tools made just for that make or model.
Also you may be able to get by without certain tools, but the amount of additional time it takes to do a job may or may not be worth going without the tool. I.e. if you're planning to rotate your own tires or maintain your own brakes or other jobs that require frequent R&R of the wheels, an impact wrench will save a lot of time, but isn't absolutely necessary. Some chain auto stores lend certain tools for free (basically you buy the tool and they give you the money back if you return it within a set period of time).
If you pick up any Haynes manual, it gives a general list of tools in the front. Although I've seen some very strange things and procedure in Haynes manuals, things that are downright incorrect, at least for Subaru's. Alldatadiy.com is a good source of the genuine factory service info for many makes (some car makers offer that info free on their web sites but not all).
The most basic things needed I would say are a good socket set, wrench set, pliers set, and screwdriver set. It seems even the most basic of maintenance needs most of those. Beyond that you start adding whatever else you need, jack, jackstands, ramps, brake tools if you're doing brakes, etc. If you're working on a Japanese or Asian make you can generally get away with just metric tools. On a domestic I've seen a mix of metric and SAE fasteners on the same vehicle. Some makes such as Subaru use only certain size metric fasteners such as 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 17mm, 19mm, 22mm and so on, which can reduce the number of wrenches/sockets needed, although if you buy a set generally you're going to just get all the sizes.