Scripture makes it very clear that Christ had no intention of destroying the law. It was His goal all along to fulfill the law through His finished work for mans redemption. The moral law of the Sabbath has not been compromised by the changing of the day of worship. Rather the law has been fulfilled in the finished work of the Lord Jesus Christ.
That is a very good explanation, Major, I'll just add in a few thoughts.
The fourth commandment (Exodus 20:8-11), as Brother Paul points out, says that all you have to do to honor the Sabbath is not work. That's it -- it's not the one day you set aside for worship; we do (and they did) that every day! This commandment is really more of a gift to us: rest.
But then there is the obvious question: what's work?
A Rabbi's interpretation of the law was called his "yoke." Because people wanted to know whether or not they were breaking the law by doing certain things on the Sabbath, the Rabbis made a lot of rules about what work is and what it isn't. If you, as a Hebrew, followed a particular Rabbi, you took on his yoke by which to understand the law.
Jesus said in Mat 11:29-30, "Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For my yoke is easy and my burden is light.”
So who's your Rabbi?
One Rabbi may say that we must rest only on Saturday, another may say we must rest on Sunday. Our Rabbi Jesus says He gives us rest - every day. But a different kind of rest that anyone under the law ever knew was possible: an easy yoke and a light burden, rest for your soul.
As you pointed out, Major, Paul says in Hebrews 4:9-10 "So then, there remains a Sabbath rest for the people of God, for whoever has entered God's rest has also rested from his works as God did from his."
We should never read this statement as Paul overwriting the law. Instead, if we agree that Paul wrote as inspired by the Spirit, then we should instead read this is Jesus, our Rabbi, speaking through Paul to instruct us about how He wants us to read the law. And so, if we are disciples of Jesus, we take on his yoke, learning from Him, reading the law as he instructs us to read it.
It is truly amazing what Jesus does here -- when men wanted to know how to follow the fourth commandment, they turned to the Rabbis, who wrote even more laws to try to define what "rest" really is. If we look to our Rabbi Jesus' teaching about how to follow the fourth commandment, He says, "Find your rest in Me." Incredible.